Different Types of Bonds
- A bonding force develops when two different types of atoms react to form oppositely charged ions
- The strong bonding forces present in sodium chloride result from the attractions among the closely packed, oppositely charged ions, this is an example of ionic bonding
- Ionic substances are formed when an atom that loses electrons relatively easily reacts with an atom that has a high affinity for elections
- In ionic bonding, the participating atoms are so different that one or more electrons are transferred to form oppositely charged ions; the bonding results from the attractions among these ions
- An ionic compound results when a metal reacts with a nonmetal
- Covalent bonding is the type of bonding we encounter in the hydrogen molecule and in many other molecules where electrons are shared by nuclei
- In covalent bonding, two identical atoms share electrons equally; the bonding results from the mutual attraction of the two nuclei for the shared electrons
- Polar Covalent bonds are bonds in which the atoms are not so different that electrons are completely transferred but are different enough so that unequal sharing of electrons results
- A covalent bond is formed between identical atoms
- A polar bond has both ionic and covalent components
- A ionic bond has no electron sharing